Pass Maryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson Exam with Updated Maryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson Exam Dumps PDF 2026 [Q92-Q114]

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Pass Maryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson Exam with Updated Maryland-Real-Estate-Salesperson Exam Dumps PDF 2026

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Q92. Why would a buyer want to know whether any additions or alterations were made to a property?

So the buyer can decide whether a price reduction is in order

So the buyer can determine if permits were pulled

So the buyer can remove these items prior to closing

So the buyer can use the same contractor for additional additions and alterations

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
In Maryland, buyers have the right to receive full disclosure of any additions, alterations, or improvements made to a property. This is crucial because such modifications may have required building permits and inspections under state and local building codes.
A buyer wants to know whether permits were obtained to ensure that:
The work was done legally and safely,
It meets local code requirements, and
There are no future liability or resale issues.
Unpermitted work can lead to enforcement actions or costly repairs. The Maryland Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Statement (per Real Property §10-702) requires sellers to disclose known material defects or improvements.
Reference:
Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course – “Environmental Issues and Disclosures” Module Maryland Real Property Article §10-702 – Residential Property Disclosure and Disclaimer Requirements.

Q93. Which of the following is the best definition of a covenant between a lessor and lessee?

An addendum to a contract added after it’s signed

An agreement or promise made between the parties

A provision for which neither party to a contract is willing to compromise

A rent escalation

Comprehensive and Detailed
In leasing, a covenant is a binding promise or agreement contained within the lease. It can require or restrict certain actions by either the lessor (landlord) or lessee (tenant)-for example, a covenant of quiet enjoyment, a covenant to pay rent, or a covenant to maintain the property. These promises are enforceable under contract and property law.

Q94. When an offer is prepared by a licensee for a buyer to present to a seller, who determines the amount of the earnest money offered?

The broker

The buyer

The licensee

The seller

The buyer determines the amount of the earnest money deposit, since it is the buyer’s good-faith indication of intent to perform under the contract.
The licensee can explain customary local practices and typical deposit amounts but may not set or require a specific figure.
The offer, including the deposit amount, becomes binding only when accepted by the seller.
This is emphasized in the Contracts and Offer Preparation module, which explains that the buyer controls all offer terms, including price, contingencies, and deposit.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Real Estate Contracts section.
– Business Occupations and Professions Article 17-322 (Improper Brokerage Practices).

Q95. Under which type of buyer agency agreement does a buyer reserve the right to self-represent?

Exclusive agency

Exclusive right to represent

Open agency

Personal agency

In the buyer representation section, the course contrasts common forms:
* Exclusive right to represent: the brokerage is owed compensation if the buyer purchases during the term, regardless of who finds the property.
* Exclusive agency: the brokerage is the only broker engaged, but the buyer reserves the right to purchase without the broker and owe no commission if the buyer self-procures the property.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate – Buyer Representation Agreements:
exclusive right vs. exclusive agency vs. open agreements; commission and self-procurement provisions.

Q96. What is a claim or lien on a property title that can be monetary or physical?

Agreement

Appurtenance

Encumbrance

Eviction

An encumbrance is any claim, charge, or liability attached to real property that burdens the title or limits use, including monetary interests (e.g., liens, such as mortgages, tax liens, mechanic’s liens) and non- monetary/physical interests (e.g., easements, encroachments, deed restrictions). Encumbrances do not necessarily prevent transfer, but they run with the land and affect marketability.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Course – Real Property and the Law / Interests in Real Estate modules (definitions of liens, easements, encroachments, CC&Rs; marketable title concepts).

Q97. Why would a retail tenant be willing to sign a lease in which a percentage of sales proceeds are paid to the landlord?

The landlord and tenant are in business together.

The tenant is hoping to eventually purchase the building.

The tenant wants to reduce the base rent.

The tenant wants to show the landlord how viable the business is.

A percentage lease (common in retail) typically combines a lower base rent with an additional rent component based on a percentage of gross sales above a breakpoint. Tenants accept the percentage-of-sales feature in exchange for reduced fixed/base rent, aligning occupancy cost with sales performance.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Course – Leases and Property Management (commercial lease structures:
gross, net, percentage; base rent vs. percentage rent; breakpoints).

Q98. What must an agent do if they receive an undisclosed bonus from a seller to incentivize closing by a certain date?

The agent can accept the bonus without any disclosure requirements.

The agent must disclose the bonus to any buyers they are working with on the transaction.

The agent should keep the bonus confidential and not inform the broker.

The agent should pay the bonus to the broker.

Comprehensive and Detailed
Under Maryland Code of Ethics (COMAR 09.11.02.33A) and Maryland Business Occupations and Professions §17-322(a)(23), a licensee must disclose any compensation, commission, fee, or bonus received from a party other than their client in the transaction.
If a seller offers an undisclosed bonus to the buyer’s agent, that bonus must be fully disclosed in writing to the buyer (the agent’s client) before acceptance. Failure to do so constitutes an ethical and legal violation. The payment, once disclosed, must be processed through the agent’s broker, who is responsible for all compensation distribution.
Reference:
.

Q99. Which statement best represents how dual agency is impacted by teams in Maryland?

Dual agency isn’t allowed within real estate teams.

The broker may designate ICAs from within a team, with the broker or office manager serving as the dual agent.

The broker may serve as an ICA along with a team member.

The dual agent may be part of the same team as the ICAs.

Comprehensive and Detailed
Under Maryland Real Estate Brokers Act §17-530 and COMAR 09.11.02.08, dual agency is permitted only when informed, written consent is obtained from both buyer and seller. When licensees operate as part of a team, the broker (or office manager acting as the broker’s designee) may appoint intra-company agents (ICAs) from within that team to represent each party.
The broker or manager then acts as the dual agent, overseeing both sides without providing direct representation to either. This structure preserves confidentiality and compliance with Maryland’s agency disclosure requirements.

Q100. Which of the following is the best definition of a covenant between a lessor and lessee?

An addendum to a contract added after it’s signed

An agreement or promise made between the parties

A provision for which neither party to a contract is willing to compromise

A rent escalation

In leasing, a covenant is a binding promise or agreement contained within the lease. It can require or restrict certain actions by either the lessor (landlord) or lessee (tenant)-for example, a covenant of quiet enjoyment, a covenant to pay rent, or a covenant to maintain the property. These promises are enforceable under contract and property law.
Reference:Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course – “Leases and Property Management” Module; Maryland Real Property Article 8-101 et seq.

Q101. When a local planning board is reviewing density, it would consider ______.

FHA approval

Impact on neighboring states

Property values

Setbacks and boundaries

In subdivision and zoning review, density is evaluated using physical and regulatory site controls-minimum lot size, setbacks, yard requirements, lot coverage, height limits, open space ratios, and boundaries-to determine how many dwelling units may be placed per acre and how they’re arranged. While property values and federal approvals can be relevant to other processes, density determinations rest primarily on local zoning metrics such as setbacks and boundaries.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate – Land Use Controls and Property Development: zoning and subdivision regulations; density, lot size, setbacks, coverage, and open-space requirements; local planning board review criteria.

Q102. What’s the purpose of a listing agreement in Maryland?

To bind the seller to one agent

To guarantee a sale

To guarantee payment for the listing agent

To specify the agreement between the listing broker and the seller

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
A listing agreement is a legally binding contract between a seller and a licensed real estate broker that establishes the broker’s authority to market the property and represent the seller’s interests in finding a ready, willing, and able buyer.
It outlines the terms of representation, including price, commission, duration, and the duties of both parties.
The agreement does not guarantee a sale; rather, it ensures mutual understanding of responsibilities and compensation should a sale occur.
This principle is covered in the Listing Agreements and Buyer Representation module.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Listing Agreements and Brokerage Contracts section.
– Business Occupations and Professions Article §17-534.

Q103. What is typically required for a real estate agent to earn a commission from a client?

The client can make a verbal agreement with you.

The client must be a buyer.

The client must make an express, written agreement to pay a commission to your broker.

You must express an interest in representing the client.

In Maryland, a real estate licensee may only perform brokerage services and be entitled to compensation when a written brokerage agreement exists between the client and the broker.
This agreement must clearly state the broker’s duties, compensation terms, and representation type (buyer, seller, or dual).
Verbal agreements are insufficient to establish an enforceable right to a commission.
Reference: Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices – “Real Estate Brokerage Operations”; Maryland Real Estate Brokers Act 17-532 – Brokerage Agreements.

Q104. _____ is a process in which an appraiser determines a probable range of values for a property by comparing a group of comparable sales to the subject. The appraiser attempts to include both superior and inferior units of comparison, such as age and transaction price.

Bracketing

Bridging

Substituting

Surrounding

In the valuation module, the course explains bracketing as an appraisal technique where the appraiser selects comparables that are both superior and inferior to the subject on key characteristics (e.g., gross living area, condition, lot size, age, quality, transaction price) to “bracket” the likely value range. Proper bracketing strengthens the sales comparison approach and supports a credible reconciliation by demonstrating the subject’s position within a range indicated by the market.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate – Appraisal and Valuation: sales comparison approach, selection of comparables, units of comparison, and bracketing methodology.

Q105. Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1866 monumental among fair housing and antidiscrimination laws?

It abolished slavery.

It added sexual orientation as a protected class.

It provided no exceptions for discrimination based on race or color.

It was adopted by the United Nations.

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the first federal law to address discrimination in housing and property rights. It declares that all U.S. citizens shall have the same rights as white citizens to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property, regardless of race or color.
Unlike later fair housing laws, this Act includes no exemptions-it applies to all property transactions, public or private.
This law is a foundation of modern fair housing legislation, and its absolute prohibition on racial discrimination still applies today.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Fair Housing and Ethics section.
– Civil Rights Act of 1866, 42 U.S.C. 1982.

Q106. Which agency duties survive termination of an agreement?

Accounting and loyalty

Confidentiality and accounting

Confidentiality, loyalty, and accounting

Reasonable skill and care, confidentiality, and loyalty

When an agency relationship ends (expiration, completion, mutual agreement, or termination), certain duties survive: chiefly confidentiality (protecting client confidences and motivations) and accounting (proper handling and return of money, keys, and documents; final accounting for trust funds). Duties such as loyalty and reasonable skill and care do not continue after termination.
References (Maryland Pre-Licensing Core Content):
* Maryland 60-Hour Course: “Maryland Agency Law” (scope of fiduciary duties; duties that survive agency termination).
* COMAR 09.11.02 (confidentiality and accounting obligations).

Q107. Your client, Bruno, is an investor. He is in the process of selling a fourplex and mentions to you that he hates the idea of the capital gains tax he’ll be subject to. What should you tell him?

“You might consider a 1031 tax-deferred exchange.”

“Capital gains do not apply to investment properties.”

“Taxes are required, no matter what you do.”

“Investors don’t pay taxes.”

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
Under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code, an investor may defer recognition of capital gains taxes by exchanging one investment or business property for another of like kind.
This is known as a 1031 tax-deferred exchange.
The Maryland pre-licensing course covers this as a financing and investment concept, explaining that it defers, not eliminates, the tax obligation and that investors must comply with strict timelines and rules set by the IRS.
Licensees should avoid offering tax advice but can inform clients of the potential to explore this option with a qualified tax professional or attorney.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Investment and Taxation Concepts section.
– Internal Revenue Code §1031 (Like-Kind Exchanges).

Q108. [Listing Agreements and Buyer Representation]Properly pricing a property that is entering the market will

Increase the chances of a buyer making an offer and potentially reduce the amount of time the home is on the marketB. Most likely upset the sellers, because they’ll net less than they would have if the home were priced higherC. Typically result in an offer within the first one or two daysD. Upset the buyer because it creates a more competitive market Maryland pre-licensing emphasizes that setting market-correct list price-supported by a CMA and current market conditions-maximizes exposure, attracts ready buyers, and typically shortens days on market.
Overpricing reduces showings and invites price reductions; underpricing risks leaving money on the table but does not guarantee instant offers. Correct pricing improves the probability of offers and a timelier sale.
References: Maryland 60-Hour Course: “Listing Agreements and Buyer Representation” (CMA, pricing strategy, days on market effects); “Real Estate Appraisal and Valuation” (market value principles).

Q109. In what type of agency does a licensee have limited authority to act on behalf of a client buying or selling a property?

A designated agent

A general agent

A special agent

A universal agent

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
A special agent (also called a limited agent) is authorized to perform a single, specific act or transaction-such as assisting in the purchase or sale of a property.
Real estate brokers and salespersons generally act as special agents, with limited authority defined in the brokerage agreement.
They may not bind their clients to contracts without express permission.
This principle appears in the Law of Agency module and is contrasted with general agents (brokers’ affiliated licensees) and universal agents (power-of-attorney representatives).
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Law of Agency section.
– Business Occupations and Professions Article §17-530 – §17-534.

Q110. Edgar is in the process of selling his home in a short sale. What’s a short sale?

A property sale that occurs in less than one week

A sale that fails to receive a high enough bid at auction, and then falls to the bank’s ownership

The forced sale of a home due to the borrower defaulting on the mortgage loan

The sale of a property at an amount less than is owed, not including closing costs

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
A short sale occurs when the lender agrees to accept less than the total amount owed on the mortgage to release its lien so that the property can be sold.
The lender must approve the sale before closing.
This typically happens when the market value of the property is less than the outstanding loan balance, but foreclosure is avoided.
In the pre-licensing course, short sales are discussed under Financing and Foreclosure Alternatives, highlighting licensees’ duties to disclose the short-sale status to buyers and comply with lender requirements.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Financing and Foreclosure Alternatives section.
– Maryland Real Property Article §7-105.1 (Mortgage Default Remedies).

Q111. An organization with many investors who jointly participate in a real estate investment and must adhere to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission is a

C corporation

Partnership

S corporation

Syndicate

A syndicate is an association of two or more investors who unite their capital to own or develop real estate projects.
When investment interests are offered to the public, the syndicate becomes subject to federal securities regulations administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
Maryland’s pre-licensing course explains that syndications may take the form of limited partnerships, corporations, or real-estate investment trusts (REITs), but the unifying element is pooled investor participation under securities law oversight.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Forms of Ownership and Syndication section.
– Securities Act of 1933 and 1934 (SEC Regulations).

Q112. Assume you are a licensee in Maryland who has recently entered into an agreement with a seller to represent their interests in a real estate transaction. At what point are you required to provide a potential buyer with the agency disclosure notice?

After the buyer deposits the earnest money in escrow

After the seller accepts the buyer’s offer

At your first scheduled face-to-face meeting with the buyer about the seller’s property

When the buyer asks you to represent them as well

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices of Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course:
Maryland law requires that a licensee acting as a seller’s agent must provide any unrepresented buyer with the “Understanding Whom Real Estate Agents Represent” disclosure at the first scheduled face-to-face meeting about a specific property.
The purpose is to ensure that consumers understand who represents whom before discussing confidential or motivational information.
This rule is clearly detailed in the Maryland Agency Law module of the pre-licensing course.
Reference (Maryland Source):
– Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices Course, Maryland Agency Law section.
– Business Occupations and Professions Article §17-530 through §17-534.
– COMAR 09.11.07.01 – Agency Disclosure Requirements.

Q113. A buyer can submit the earnest-money deposit in the form of _______.

A personal check

A post-dated check

A promissory note

Verbal assurance

Comprehensive and Detailed
Maryland license law allows the earnest-money deposit (good-faith deposit) to be paid in cash, certified funds, or personal check, provided the terms are disclosed in the sales contract. A post-dated check or promissory note is not considered “good funds” unless all parties agree in writing. Verbal assurances never satisfy the deposit requirement. The broker must promptly deposit the funds in a designated trust (escrow) account.

Q114. Where should a licensee typically verify the latest regulations and updates regarding real estate practices?

On the Real Estate Commission’s website

With a co-worker of the licensee

With the licensee themselves

With the supervising brokerage

A complaint against a real estate licensee in Maryland must be filed with the Maryland Real Estate Commission (MREC).
The complaint can be submitted online via the Commission’s official website or by mail using the form provided by the MREC.
The Commission investigates alleged violations of the Real Estate Brokers Act, including misconduct, ethical breaches, or failure to comply with license law.
Complaints are not handled by the brokerage or individual agents.
Reference: Maryland 60-Hour Principles and Practices – “Maryland License Law and Regulations”; Maryland Business Occupations and Professions Article 17-322 – Disciplinary Actions.

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