Prepare for the Actual Courses and Certificates Foundations-of-Programming-Python Exam Practice Materials Collection [Q29-Q47]

admin -

August 31, 2026

Rate this post

Prepare for the Actual Courses and Certificates Foundations-of-Programming-Python Exam Practice Materials Collection

Courses and Certificates Certified Official Practice Test Foundations-of-Programming-Python – Aug-2026

WGU Foundations-of-Programming-Python Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Objectives
Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming	– Classes and objects – Basic OOP concepts
Python Programming Fundamentals	– Operators and expressions – Syntax and basic structure – Variables and data types
Control Flow	– Conditional statements (if / elif / else) – Loops (for, while)
Data Structures	– Lists, tuples, dictionaries – Basic data manipulation
Functions and Modularity	– Function definition and scope – Modules and imports
File Handling and Exceptions	– Reading and writing files – Exception handling (try/except)
Debugging and Testing Basics	– Basic testing concepts – Error identification and correction

NO.29 What sequence of steps is required to execute a Python script from a text editor using the terminal on a Windows device?

Save file > open terminal > type python filename.py

Save file > close text editor > open different IDE

Open terminal > write code directly > press Enter

Save file > compile code > run executable

To run a Python script from a text editor using the terminal on Windows, the file should first be saved with the .py extension. Then, the terminal is opened, and the script is executed using the Python command followed by the filename.
Example:
python filename.py
The official Python documentation explains that when the interpreter is called with a filename argument, it reads and executes the script from that file. On Windows, the python command can be used from a terminal after Python is installed and configured correctly.
Therefore, the correct answer is A. Save file > open terminal > type python filename.py.

NO.30 Which loop structure processes every individual item in a list called grades?

while len(grades) > 0:

for grade in grades:

for i in range(grades):

while grades[0]

The loop:
for grade in grades:
print(grade)
processes every individual item in the list grades.
The variable grade represents the current item being processed. Python’s documentation explains that a for statement iterates over the items of a sequence in order.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. for grade in grades:.

NO.31 Complete the function get_dict_keys(data) that takes a dictionary and returns a list of all its keys.
For example, get_dict_keys({ ” name ” : ” John ” , ” age ” : 25}) should return [ ” name ” , ” age ” ].
def get_dict_keys(data):
# TODO: Return a list of all dictionary keys
pass

See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: A dictionary stores data as key-value pairs.
Step 2: The .keys() method returns the dictionary’s keys.
Step 3: To return the keys as a list, use list(data.keys()).
Correct code:
def get_dict_keys(data):
return list(data.keys())
Example:
print(get_dict_keys({ ” name ” : ” John ” , ” age ” : 25}))
Output:
[ ‘ name ‘ , ‘ age ‘ ]

NO.32 What distinguishes a terminal-based Python environment from other development environments?

Graphical user interface elements

Required internet connectivity for operation

Text-based command line interface

Automatic file saving capabilities

A terminal-based Python environment uses atext-based command line interface. In this environment, the user types commands directly into a terminal or command prompt.
For example, a user may start Python by typing:
python
When Python is started from a terminal, the interpreter can run in interactive mode, where it displays prompts such as > > > and waits for the user to enter Python commands. The official Python documentation explains that when commands are read from a terminal, the interpreter is in interactive mode.
A terminal-based environment is not mainly identified by graphical user interface elements, internet connectivity, or automatic file saving.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. Text-based command line interface.

NO.33 Complete the function calculate_tip(bill, tip_percent) that calculates and returns the tip amount based on the bill and tip percentage.
For example, calculate_tip(50, 20) should return 10.0.
def calculate_tip(bill, tip_percent):
# TODO: Calculate and return the tip amount
pass

See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives two parameters: bill and tip_percent.
Step 2: Convert the percentage into a decimal by dividing tip_percent by 100.
Step 3: Multiply the bill amount by that decimal value.
Correct code:
def calculate_tip(bill, tip_percent):
return bill * tip_percent / 100
Example:
print(calculate_tip(50, 20))
Output:
10.0

NO.34 What happens when the command python is entered in a terminal without a filename?

An error message appears.

The most recent Python file runs.

An interactive Python session starts.

A file browser opens.

When the command python is entered in a terminal without a filename, Python starts aninteractive Python session, also called interactive mode.
In interactive mode, Python displays the primary prompt:
> > >
The user can then type Python statements directly, such as:
> > > 2 + 3
5
The official Python documentation explains that when commands are read from a terminal, the interpreter is in interactive mode and prompts for the next command.
Python does not automatically run the most recent file, open a file browser, or necessarily display an error when started this way.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. An interactive Python session starts.

NO.35 Complete the function add_item(numeric_list, new_number) that takes a list of numbers and a new number, and returns a new list that appends the new number to the end of the list.
For example, add_item([1, 2, 3], 4) should return [1, 2, 3, 4] .

def add_item(numeric_list, new_number):numeric_list.append(new_number)return numeric_list

def add_item(numeric_list, new_number):numeric_list.remove(new_number)return numeric_list

def add_item(numeric_list, new_number):return new_number

def add_item(numeric_list, new_number):pass

The correct function uses the list method append() to add new_number to the end of numeric_list.
Correct code:
def add_item(numeric_list, new_number):
numeric_list.append(new_number)
return numeric_list
Example:
add_item([1, 2, 3], 4)
Result:
[1, 2, 3, 4]
Python’s data structures documentation explains that list.append(x) adds an item to the end of the list.
Therefore, the correct answer isA.

NO.36 Fix the missing return statement in this function that should return whether a number is even.
def is_even(number):
if number % 2 == 0:
True
else:
False

See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The expression number % 2 == 0 checks whether the number is even.
Step 2: The original code writes True and False, but it does not return them.
Step 3: A function must use the return statement to send a value back to the caller.
Correct code:
def is_even(number):
if number % 2 == 0:
return True
else:
return False
Simplified correct code:
def is_even(number):
return number % 2 == 0
Example:
print(is_even(4))
print(is_even(7))
Output:
True
False

NO.37 A dictionary prices = { ‘ apple ‘ : 1.50, ‘ banana ‘ : 0.75, ‘ orange ‘ : 2.00} needs to have all values increased by
0.25. Which code correctly accomplishes this task?

for item in prices:prices[item] = prices[item] + 0.25

for value in prices:value = value + 0.25

for prices in item:prices = prices + 0.25

In Python, iterating directly over a dictionary gives itskeys. In this dictionary, the keys are:
‘ apple ‘
‘ banana ‘
‘ orange ‘
To update each price, the program can loop through each key and use that key to access and change the corresponding value.
Correct code:
prices = { ‘ apple ‘ : 1.50, ‘ banana ‘ : 0.75, ‘ orange ‘ : 2.00}
for item in prices:
prices[item] = prices[ item] + 0.25
print(prices)
Output:
{ ‘ apple ‘ : 1.75, ‘ banana ‘ : 1.0, ‘ orange ‘ : 2.25}
Option B is incorrect because value actually receives each dictionary key, not each dictionary value. Also, assigning to value would not update the dictionary.
Option C is incorrect because item is not defined, and the loop structure is invalid for this task.

NO.38 Which type of loop is designed for iterating a specific number of times?

while loop

for loop

Infinite loop

do-while loop

A for loop is commonly used when a program needs to repeat code for each item in a sequence or for a specific number of times using range().
Example:
for number in range(5):
print(number)
This loop runs 5 times. Python’s documentation explains that the for statement iterates over items of a sequence or iterable.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. for loop.

NO.39 Which type of loop repeatedly checks a condition to determine whether to continue?

for loop

while loop

range loop

repeat loop

Awhile looprepeatedly executes a block of code as long as its condition remains true.
Example:
count = 1
while count < = 3:
print(count)
count += 1
In this example, Python checks the condition count < = 3 before each loop iteration. If the condition is true, the loop continues. When the condition becomes false, the loop stops.
A for loop is usually used to iterate over a sequence, such as a list, string, or range. Python does not have a built-in repeat loop construct.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. while loop.

NO.40 What does the string method ‘ ‘ .join() return when applied to the list [ ‘ Hello ‘ , ‘ World ‘ ]?

‘ Hello,World ‘

‘ HelloWorld ‘

‘ Hello World ‘

‘ Hello, World ‘

The string method join() combines the strings in an iterable using the string before .join() as the separator.
In this question, the separator is an empty string:
‘ ‘ .join([ ‘ Hello ‘ , ‘ World ‘ ])
Because the separator is empty, Python joins ‘ Hello ‘ and ‘ World ‘ directly together with no space or comma between them.
Result:
‘ HelloWorld ‘
The official Python documentation defines str.join() as returning a string made by joining the strings in the given iterable.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. ‘ HelloWorld ‘ .

NO.41 A program processes file names and extracts the last 3 characters representing the file extension. For example, files ‘ document.pdf ‘ and ‘ image.png ‘ would return ‘ pdf ‘ and ‘ png ‘ , respectively. Which slicing approach would work for either of the provided files?

filename[:9]

filename[9:]

filename[-3:]

filename[:-3]

The slice filename[-3:] extracts the last three characters from a string.
Example:
filename = ” document.pdf “
print(filename[-3:])
Output:
pdf
Another example:
filename = ” image.png “
print(filename[-3:])
Output:
png
Python strings support slicing, and negative indexes count from the end of the string.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. filename[-3:] .

NO.42 Write a complete function reverse_string(text) that takes a string and returns it reversed.
For example, reverse_string( ” hello ” ) should return ” olleh ” .
def reverse_string(text):
# TODO: Return the reversed string
pass

See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives one string parameter named text.
Step 2: Python slicing can be used to reverse a string.
Step 3: The slice [::-1] means start at the end of the string and move backward by one character at a time.
Step 4: Return text[::-1].
Correct code:
def reverse_string(text):
return text[::-1]
Example:
print(reverse_string( ” hello ” ))
Output:
olleh

NO.43 Which keyword is used to exit a loop prematurely in Python?

return

break

stop

end

The break keyword exits a loop immediately before the loop condition naturally becomes false or before all items have been processed.
Example:
for number in range(10):
if number == 5:
break
print(number)
When number becomes 5, the loop stops. Python’s control-flow documentation explains the use of break in loops.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. break.

NO.44 Fix the logic error in this function that should return the larger of two numbers.
def find_maximum(a, b):
if a < b:
return a
else:
return b

See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function should return the larger number.
Step 2: The condition a < b means b is larger than a.
Step 3: In the original code, when a < b is true, it incorrectly returns a.
Step 4: The return values need to be corrected.
Correct code:
def find_maximum(a, b):
if a < b:
return b
else:
return a
Alternative correct code:
def find_maximum(a, b):
if a > b:
return a
else:
return b
Example:
print(find_maximum(10, 20))
print(find_maximum(30, 15))
Output:
20
30

NO.45 Modify the function greet_with_default(name) by adding a default value of ” World ” to the name parameter so it can be called with or without an argument.
def greet_with_default(name):
# TODO: Add a default value of ” World ” to the name parameter
return ” Hello ” + name

See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: A default parameter value allows a function to be called even when no argument is provided.
Step 2: The default value should be added in the function header.
Step 3: The parameter name should have the default value ” World ” .
Correct code:
def greet_with_default(name= ” World ” ):
return ” Hello ” + name
Example:
print(greet_with_default())
print(greet_with_default( ” Alice ” ))
Output:
Hello World
Hello Alice

NO.46 Which symbol begins a single-line comment in Python?

// double forward slash

# pound symbol

* asterisk

% percent symbol

In Python, a single-line comment begins with the # symbol.
Example:
# This is a comment
print( ” Hello ” )
Python ignores the comment when the program runs. The Python documentation identifies # as the symbol used for comments.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. # pound symbol.

NO.47 Which Python data structure cannot be modified after creation?

List

Dictionary

Tuple

Set

Atupleis immutable, which means it cannot be changed after it is created.
Example:
coordinates = (10, 20)
After this tuple is created, its elements cannot be modified directly. Python’s data model documentation explains that tuples are immutable, while lists and dictionaries are mutable.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. Tuple.

Loading …